Cùng A+ English khám phá danh sách ngữ pháp tiếng anh lớp 4 để ôn tập và chuẩn bị thật tốt cho kì thi sắp tới nhé các bạn!
VERB TENSES (Các thì)
PRESENT SIMPLE (HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| I/ We/ You/ They + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). He/ She/ It + V (động từ thêm s/es) | I ride my bike every day. Betty always brushes her hair with it. |
| He/ She/ It + does not (doesn’t) + V (động từ nguyên mẫu) I/ You/ We/ They + do not (don’t) + V (động từ nguyên mẫu) | My grandmother doesn’t eat pizza at night. Her fingers don’t get cold. |
| Do + I/ we/ you/ they + V (động từ nguyên mẫu)? Does + he/ she/ it + V (động từ nguyên mẫu)? | Do you play video games in your classroom sometimes? Where does Kim have lunch? |
PRESENT CONTINUOUS (HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| S + be (am/ is/ are) + V-ing. | Thewoman is cutting some bread. Dad and Daisy are talking about the noisy party last night. |
| S + be (am/ is/ are) + not + V-ing. | He isn’t eating pizza. They Aren’t Talking To Their grandpa. |
| Be (Am/ Is/ Are) + S + V-ing? | Are you doing homework, Jack? |
PAST SIMPLE TENSE (QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| S + V-ed/2 (động từ quá khứ thêm ed hoặc cột 2) | Sofia carried her school things in the bag. Her grandmother made the apple pie. |
| S + did not (didn’t) + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). | He didn’t have to go to school last Monday. |
| Did + S + V (động từ nguyên mẫu)? | Did he go to school yesterday? |
PAST CONTINUOUS (QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| We/ You/ They + were + V-ing. I/ He/ She/ It + was + V-ing. | They were practicing English at that time. Yesterday, Mr. Moore was working in the lab all the afternoon. |
| We/ You/ They + were not (weren‟t) + V-ing. I/ He/ She/ It + was not (wasn‟t not) + V-ing. | We weren’t speaking. He wasn’t speaking. |
| Were + we/ you/ they + V-ing? Was + I/ He/ She/ It + V-ing? | What were you doing from 3 p.m to 6 p.m yesterday? What was she doing when you saw her? |
PRESENT PERFECT (HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| I/ We/ You/ They + have + V3 (quá khứ phân từ) He/ She/ It + has + V3 (quá khứ phân từ) | I have just seen my sister in the park. She has finished her homework recently. |
| I/ We/ You/ They + have not (haven‟t)+V3(quá khứ phân từ) He/ She/It +has not(hasn’t) + V3 (quá khứ phân từ) | We haven’t gone to Hanoi. Mary hasn’t done her homework. |
| Have + I/ We/ You/ They + V3 (quá khứ phân từ)? Has + he/ she/ it + V3 (quá khứ phân từ)? | Have you ever been to America? Has he read that novel? |
BE GOING TO (TƯƠNG LAI GẦN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| S + be (am/ is/ are) + going to + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). | I am going to speak. |
| S + be (am/ is/ are) + not + going to + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). | I am not going to speak. |
| Be (am/ is/ are) + S + going to + V (động từ nguyên mẫu)? | Are you going to speak? |
FUTURE SIMPLE (TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| S + will + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). | You will have an unusual train journey on Friday. |
| S + will not (won‟ t) + V (động từ nguyên mẫu). | You won’t go sledding in the mountains. |
| Will + S + v (động từ nguyên mẫu)? | Will you visit your grandma next week? |
PRONOUNS (Đại từ)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Indefinite pronouns (Đại từ bất định) | |
| Anybody/anyone: bất kỳ ai | I won‟t talk to anyone. |
| Anything: bất kỳ cái gì | I don‟ t need anything. |
| Each: mỗi | Each student must do the homework. |
| Everybody/everyone: mọi ngƣời | Everybody loves him. |
| Everything: mọi thứ | Everything is so perfect. |
| Somebody/someone: ai đó | Somebody is knocking the door. |
| Something: một cái gì đó | Something is under my feet. |
Reflexive pronouns (Đại từ phản thân)
| Myself: bản thân tôi | I love myself. |
| Yourself: bản thân bạn | Do it for yourself. |
| Himself: bản thân anh ấy | He only cares about himself. |
| Herself: bản thân cô ấy | She takes a very good care of herself. |
| Themselves: bản thân họ | They do it for themselves. |
| Ourselves: bản thân chúng tôi | We bought the car for ourselves. |
| Itself: bản thân nó | It‟s beautiful itself. |
*Lưu ý:
| Subject pronouns | Object pronouns | Possessive adjectives | Reflexive pronouns |
| I | Me | My | Myself |
| You | You | Your | Yourself |
| We | Us | Our | Ourselves |
| They | Them | Their | Themselves |
| He | Him | His | Himself |
| She | Her | Her | Herself |
| It | It | Its | Itself |
QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi)
WH-QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi WH-)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| What Where When + tobe/do/does/did + S + V? Why How Which | What is your name? Where do you live? When did you go to school? Why does she cry? How much does she want? Which pencil do you like? |
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi với câu trả lời ngắn)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Am/Is/Are + S + Verb/Noun/Adj? | Are you a student? Is she beautiful? Am I in the right place? |
| Do/Does/Did + S + V(nguyên mẫu )? | Do you go to school? Does he work in the evening? Did you do your homework? |
| Have/Has + S + ever + V(pp)? | Have you ever been to the USA? Has she finished her job? |
TAG QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi đuôi)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| S + special verb….. , special verb + not + S? | You are a student, aren’t you? She has just bought a new bicycle, hasn’t she? |
| S + special verb + not….., special verb + S? | He didn’t come here, did he? They hadn’t met you before, had they? |
| S + modal verb…………., modal verb + not + S? | He can speak English, can’t he? |
| S + modal verb + not…………., modal verb + S? | Sue won‟ t go to school this afternoon, will she? |
MODAL VERBS (Động từ khiếm khuyết)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Can/could : có thể (khả năng) Can’t/couldn’t: không thể | He can swim and play basketball. |
| May/might: có thể May not/might not: không thể | It may rain tomorrow. |
| Shall: nên Shall not: không nên | Shall I go to the supermarket? |
| Should: nên Shouldn’t: không nên | I should go home. |
| Must : phải Mustn’t: không được phép | You must finish the homework. |
OTHER VERB FORMS (Các dạng khác của động từ)
TO + INFINITIVE
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Mô tả mục đích | They went to the exhibition to see the latest. |
| Theo sau các tính từ: afraid, scared, happy, glad, sad | Jenny was very happy to finish university this year. |
| Cấu trúc …too/ enough…to… | He was too busy to go out. |
| Sau một số động từ: want, hope, like, promise,… | He promised to help me. |
VERB + ING
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Giới từ + V-ing | John is interested in studying biology. |
| Avoid/ worth/ love/ enjoy/ can‟t help/ can‟t afford/… V-ing…. | The teacher avoids shouting at students. |
| …spend…. + V-ing…. | Teachers and children spend time in nature looking for somethings. |
VERB + TO INFINITIVE
| Afford | demand | like | Pretend |
| Agree | fail | love | Promise |
| Arrange | forget | manage | Refuse |
| Ask | hate | mean | Remember |
| Begin | Help | need | start |
| Choose | hope | offer | Try |
| Continue | intend | plan | Want |
| decide | learn | prefer |
VERB-ING AS A NOUN
Ví dụ:
Playing football is interesting.
Cooking is very fun.
Chatting is a waste of time.
SUGGESTIONS (Câu đề nghị)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| How/what about + Ving? | How about going to the theater? |
| Would you like to + V? | Would you like to come for dinner? |
| Why don‟ t we + V? | Why don’t we find another book store? |
| Shall we +V? | Shall we agree with him? |
| Let’s + V? | Let’s play volleyball. |
MẪU CÂU NÓI
| Examiner says this | minimum response | Back-up questions |
| Who do you play with at school?What game do you play at school?What do you do after school?Tell me more about your school? | friendshockeygo to the playgroundthere is a board on the wallthere are lots of desks | Do you play with friends?Do you play hockey?Do you go to the playground?What’s in the room? |
| What do you have for breakfast?Who cooks your breakfast?Where do you go after breakfast?Tell me more about your morning | eggsmy mumto schoolI get dressed | Do you have eggs for breakfast?Does your mother cook it?Do you go to school? |
| What do you like doing with your friends?Where do you play with your friends and family?Tell me more about your friends and family | swimmingin the park I have 3 brothersmy best friend is Vicky | Do you like swimming?Do you play in the park? |
| How many friends do you have?Are your friends boys or girls?Tell me more about your friends | 4boysThey like playing basketball | Do you have 4 friends?Are your friends boys?What do they like playing? |
| Where does your family live?Who is the youngest in your family?Tell me more about your family | in a citymeI help my mum cook dinner | Do you live in a city?Are you the youngest in your family?Do you help your mum cook dinner? |
Qua danh sách ngữ pháp lớp 4, A+ English mong các bạn sẽ chuẩn bị tốt cho kì thi của mình!
